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1.
Med Clin (Barc) ; 149(2): 55-60, 2017 Jul 21.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28238332

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Despite the high prevalence of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), its etiology is not yet completely clear and there is no completely remedial treatment available at present. The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of 4 treatments (silver nitrate, propolis, rhubarb and walnut) for RAS. PATIENTS AND METHOD: A randomized clinical trial was conducted with 125 patients with minor aphthae, including 25 patients per group: cauterization with silver nitrate, propolis, rhubarb extract, walnut extract and placebo. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: No patient reported adverse effects related to the treatment received. There were significant (P<.001) differences in the time elapsed until symptom resolution. The fastest treatment was silver nitrate (1.16 days), followed by the 3 alternative treatments (1.60 days with propolis, 1.84 with rhubarb and 2.00 with walnut; with no differences between them), and finally the placebo (4.64 days). The mean healing time of the lesions was statistically higher (8.96 days) for the placebo than for the 4 treatments: silver nitrate (7.32 days), propolis (6.80), rhubarb (7.72) and walnut (8.00).


Assuntos
Terapias Complementares/métodos , Estomatite Aftosa/terapia , Adulto , Anti-Infecciosos/uso terapêutico , Cauterização/métodos , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Juglans , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Extratos Vegetais/uso terapêutico , Própole/uso terapêutico , Recidiva , Rheum , Nitrato de Prata/uso terapêutico , Resultado do Tratamento
2.
Rev. biol. trop ; 62(3): 919-928, jul.-sep. 2014. graf, tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-753662

RESUMO

Measurements of species richness and species abundance can have important implications for regulations and conservation. This study investigated species richness and abundance of butterflies in the family Nymphalidae at undisturbed, and disturbed habitats in Tirimbina Biological Reserve and Nogal Private Reserve, Sarapiquí, Costa Rica. Traps baited with rotten banana were placed in the canopy and the understory of three habitats: within mature forest, at a river/forest border, and at a banana plantation/forest border. In total, 71 species and 487 individuals were caught and identified during May and June 2011 and May 2013. Species richness and species abundance were found to increase significantly at perturbed habitats (p<0.0001, p<0.0001, respectively). The edge effect, in which species richness and abundance increase due to greater complementary resources from different habitats, could be one possible explanation for increased species richness and abundance. Rev. Biol. Trop. 62 (3): 919-928. Epub 2014 September 01.


La medición de la riqueza y abundancia de especies puede indicar la salud de un ecosistema y tener implicaciones importantes para la conservación y su regulación. Este estudio investigó la riqueza y abundancia de mariposas de la familia Nymphalidae en hábitats alterados y no alterados, primordialmente en la Reserva Biológica Tirimbina y en la Reserva Privada Nogal, Sarapiquí, Costa Rica. Se colocaron trampas cebadas con banano podrido en el dosel y sotobosque de tres hábitats: en un bosque primario, en el lindero entre un río y un bosque y en el lindero entre una plantación de bananos y un bosque. Se atrapó e identificó un total de 71 especies y 487 individuos durante mayo y junio 2011 y en mayo 2013. Se encontró que la riqueza y la abundancia de especies aumentaron significativamente en los hábitats de los linderos (p<0.0001, p<0.0001 respectivamente). El efecto de borde, según el cual la riqueza y la abundancia de especies aumentan a causa de la existencia de más recursos complementarios provenientes de dos hábitats distintos, podría ser una posible explicación del aumento en la riqueza y la abundancia de especies en hábitats alterados.


Assuntos
Animais , Biodiversidade , Lepidópteros/classificação , Costa Rica , Florestas , Densidade Demográfica , Clima Tropical
3.
Int. j. morphol ; 32(3): 833-838, Sept. 2014. ilus
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-728275

RESUMO

Diabetes leads to reproductive dysfunctions by producing free radicals. It seems that using walnut can be effective in the damage induced by diabetes. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of walnut consumption on sex hormones in diabetic Wistar male rats induced by STZ (streptozotocin). Diabetes animals were induced by STZ (60 mg/kg). Rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (n=6), including normal diet and healthy (Sham), Diabetic by normal diet (control) and diabetic by 6, 9 and 12% walnut in their diet (experimental groups), and were examined for 6 weeks. Body weight, blood glucose (3 times), and sex hormones (testosterone, FSH and LH) were measured. Overall, in terms of the mean index, there was a significant difference in the percentage of weight changes between the groups (p<0.001). Blood glucose (3 times) significantly increased in experimental and control groups in comparison with sham group (p<0.001). FSH concentration significantly decreased in control group (p<0.05) and testosterone hormone decreased in experimental and control groups compared to sham group (p<0.05). Oral administration of walnut seems to prevent severe weight loss in the experimental models of diabetic rats and exerts appropriate and useful changes in blood glucose level as well as positive effects on the secretion of sex hormones.


La diabetes conduce a disfunciones reproductivas mediante la producción de radicales libres. Parece que el uso del nogal puede ser eficaz para contrarestar el daño inducido por la diabetes. El objetivo fue evaluar los efectos del consumo de nueces sobre las hormonas sexuales en ratas Wistar macho diabéticas, inducidas por estreptozotocina (STZ). La diabetes en los animales fue inducida por STZ (60 mg/kg). Los animales fueron divididos aleatoriamente en 5 grupos (n= 6 ): saludable con dieta normal (Sham), diabéticos con dieta normal (control) y diabéticos con consumo de nogal en 6, 9 y 12% en su dieta (grupos experimentales), quienes se examinaron durante 6 semanas, donde se midieron el peso corporal, glucosa en la sangre (3 veces) y hormonas sexuales (testosterona , FSH y LH). En general, en términos del índice promedio, hubo una diferencia significativa en el porcentaje de cambios de peso entre los grupos (p<0,001). La glucosa en sangre aumentó significativamente en los grupos experimentales y de control en comparación con el grupo Sham (p<0,001). La concentración de FSH se redujo significativamente en el grupo control (p<0,05); la testosterona disminuyó en los grupos experimentales y control en comparación con el grupo sham (p<0,05). La administración oral de nogal parece prevenir la pérdida severa de peso en los modelos experimentales de ratas diabéticas y ejerce cambios apropiados y útiles en el nivel de glucosa en la sangre, así como efectos positivos sobre la secreción de hormonas sexuales.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Ratos , Juglans/química , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental , Antioxidantes/administração & dosagem , Hormônios Esteroides Gonadais/análise , Glicemia/efeitos dos fármacos , Peso Corporal/efeitos dos fármacos , Ratos Wistar , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Nozes/química
4.
Int. j. morphol ; 30(1): 253-257, mar. 2012. ilus
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-638795

RESUMO

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of walnut (T. conophorum) leaf and onion (A. cepa) bulb on the gut morphometry of Clarias gariepinus towards elucidating its mechanism of growth promotion. Twenty Clarias gariepinus juveniles (7.39+/-0.29g/ fish) were allocated to nine treatments, with three replicates each. Nine experimental diets were formulated at 40 percent crude protein representing different level of walnut leaf and onion bulb (0.5 percent, 1.0 percent, 1.5 percent and 2.0 percent) respectively and the control diet was free from walnut leaf and onion bulb and were fed twice daily at 3 percent body weight for 12 weeks. Growth indices like Mean Weight Gain (MWG), Specific Growth Rate (SGR), Feed Intake (FI) and Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) were measured. Gut morphormetry such as villi length, villi width and cryptal depth were investigated. Data were analyzed using linear regression, descriptive statistics and ANOVA at p= 0.05. Results showed that weight gain and specific growth rate of Clarias gariepinus increased with increasing level of walnut leaf and onion bulb residues. The highest weight gain (53.81+/-5.85), specific growth rate (1.09+/-0.11), feed conversion ratio (2.16+/-0.02) was observed with 1.5 percent inclusions of walnut leaf residue diets. Although, FCR and SGR were not significantly different (p>0.05) among the treatments, the treated groups had better area of absorption and cryptal depth compared to the control. Treatment with 1.5 percent inclusion of walnut leaf residue recorded highest villi length and villi width and treatment with 1.5 percent inclusion of onion bulb recorded highest cryptal depth (30.00+/-0.00). These results indicate that using walnut leaf and onion bulb as a supplement in plant ­based diets may be useful in improving feed acceptability and growth performance of cultured C. gariepinus fed low cost, plant ­ based diets and it was concluded that walnut (T. conophorum) leaf at 1.5 percent inclusion...


Este estudio fue realizado para evaluar los efectos de la hoja del nogal (T. conophorum) y el bulbo de la cebolla (A. cepa) sobre la morfometría intestinal de Clarias gariepinus con el fin de dilucidar su mecanismo de promoción del crecimiento. Veinte Clarias gariepinus jóvenes (7,39+/-0,29 g/pez) fueron asignadas a nueve tratamientos, con tres repeticiones cada uno. Nueve dietas experimentales se formularon con la proteína cruda al 40 por ciento que representan los diferentes niveles de hoja del nogal y el bulbo de la cebolla (0,5 por ciento, 1,0 por ciento, 1,5 por ciento y 2,0 por ciento), respectivamente, y dieta de control libre de la hoja del nogal y el bulbo de la cebolla, que fueron alimentados dos veces al día en un 3 por ciento del peso corporal durante 12 semanas. Fueron medidos los índices de crecimiento como aumento de peso medio (APM), tasa de crecimiento específico (TCE), consumo de alimento (CA) y el índice de conversión alimeticia (ICA). La morfometría intestinal como longitud de las vellosidades, ancho de las vellosidades y profundidad de las criptas fueron investigados. Los datos fueron analizados mediante regresión lineal, estadística descriptiva y ANOVA con un valos p=0,05. Los resultados mostraron que el aumento de peso y la tasa de crecimiento específico de Clarias gariepinus se elevó al aumentar el nivel de la hoja de nogal y los residuos del bulbo de cebolla. La mayor ganancia de peso (53,81 +/- 5,85), tasa de crecimiento específico (1,09 +/- 0,11), tasa de conversión alimenticia (2,16 +/- 0,02) se observó con inclusiones de 1,5 por ciento de las dietas de residuos de hojas de nogal. Aunque el ICA y TCE no fueron significativamente diferentes (p> 0,05) entre los tratamientos. Los grupos tratados tuvieron una mejor área de absorción y profundidad de las criptas en comparación con el control. El tratamiento con 1,5 por ciento de inclusión de hojas de nogal registró la mayor longitud y ancho de las vellosidades y el tratamiento con 1,5...


Assuntos
Animais , Intestinos/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Intestinos , Peixes/anatomia & histologia , Peixes/crescimento & desenvolvimento , /uso terapêutico , Suplementos Nutricionais , Juglans/uso terapêutico
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